During the sequencing process.
The researchers discovered a large number of unknown factors unique to indigenous donkeys.
For example, the LP phenotype and pentose phosphate pathway products, and so on. (There are real-life papers as reference for this. Why do people keep saying I made up the special quality of donkey hair? doi10.13881/j.cnki.hljxmsy.2021.02.0100/10.28502/n.cnki.nkjrb.2014.007254)
It's just like there are still more than a thousand unidentified compounds in coffee beans.
Determining if a substance is an acid, salt, or sugar is actually quite simple; you just need to run a mass spectrometry or check its polarity.
But as for analyzing its specific components and generation pathways, that's often a whole different story.
You detect this unknown substance, but if you're short on funding, your only option is to write it up into a report or publish it in a paper.
If you're lucky and someone follows up on the research, maybe the secret can be cracked.
