Microbial prevention seems simple in theory, requiring only disinfection through chemical agents, extreme temperatures, and other standard means but in practice, it is incredibly tedious. From the upper atmosphere to the deepest trenches of the ocean, whether in air, water, or soil, microbes are practically everywhere.
Furthermore, microorganisms are arguably one of the most resilient and fastest-reproducing forms of life in existence. Even the most stringent sterilization protocols used by humanity cannot guarantee a 100% eradication rate.
For example, tardigrades from Earth can survive for several days at -200 degrees Celsius and for a few minutes at 181 degrees Celsius. Certain extreme thermophiles can even thrive and multiply in environments pushing 100 degrees Celsius.
